SAT阅读真题类比修辞

 


Analogy(类比)

Analogy is based on comparison between two subjects. It draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.类比是基于两事物的比较。在不同的事物之间找到相同点,建立联系。

Eg:1.Teachers who possess power and exert it to conduct class play a similar role as business managers.

老师和经理扮演着同样的角色,他们都有权利并且使用权利。

此例子中,老师和经理就是两种身份的人,他们共同有的是角色的扮演,两者都有权利并且可以使用权利。即这也是他们的共同点。

2. The man who keeps silent in the face of tyranny is as guilty as him who notices a fire and fails to raise the alarm.

在暴政面前沉默不语的人,他的愧疚感就如同一个人看到了火灾但是不去拉响警铃。

此例子中涉及两种人,共同点是愧疚感。

通过以上例子不难看出,判断类比的关键也就是在于是否能在句子中看到两事物的共同点,本着这个原则看到历年的真题中。

真题(2009年1月sec3)

Questions 9-10 are based on the following passages .

“ Think of menhaden as the liver of a bay. Just as your body needs its liver to filter out toxins, ecosystems also need those natural filters.”

7 the quotation in lines 10-12 contains an example of which rhetorical device ?

A Personification

B Understatement

C Wordplay

D Paradox

E Analogy

分析理解:鲱鱼犹如海湾的肝脏一样。正如同你的身体需要肝脏来排毒。生态系统也需要一个天然的排毒器。不难看出此句话描述两个毫不相关的东西,一个是海湾的鲱鱼,一个是人的肝脏,但是原文突出其两者的共同点为排毒。所以这是类比辞格的用法。即此题选E。

最后笔者想讲解另外一种修辞,此修辞格虽然不是SAT考察的最基本辞格,但是历年试题频繁出现在选项之中。并且在历年的考题中,以其他的题型方式考过。